Infertility Treatment for Men and Women in Mumbai India

"Of all nature's gifts to the human race, what is sweeter to a man than his children?" Marcus Tullius Cicero Infertility, whether male or female, is defined as the  inability of a couple to achieve conception or bring a  pregnancy to term after a year or more of regular,  unprotected sexual intercourse. For women  over age 35, this condition is diagnosed after 6  months of an inability to conceive. According to WHO, between 2 and 10% of  couples worldwide are unable to conceive a child i.e. primary infertility and a further of 10-25% experience secondary Infertility i.e. are unable to conceive a second or subsequent child. Among these couples, infertility is exclusively a problem in the female in about 30-40% of cases, exclusively in the men in about 30-40% of cases and unexplained in 5-10% of couples. WHO believes that around 60-80 million couples in the world are infertile. The normal reproduction process requires interaction between the female and male reproductive tracts. The woman ovulates and releases an egg from her ovaries to travel through the fallopian tube to her uterus (womb). The male produces sperm. Both egg and sperm normally meet in the woman's fallopian tube, where fertilization occurs. The embryo then implants in the uterus for further development.

Causes of Infertility Causes in either Sex Genetic factors - A Robertsonian translocation in either partner may cause recurrent spontaneous abortions or complete in fertility. General factors like diabetes mellitus, age Hyperprolactinemia Hypopituitarism Thyroid disorders Environmental factors - Toxins such as glues, volatile organic solvents or silicones, physical agents, chemical dusts, and pesticides. Tobacco smokers are 60% more likely to be infertile than non-smokers. Specific Female Causes Factors that can affect a woman's chances of conceiving include being over- or underweight, or her age as female fertility declines sharply after the age of 35. Common Causes Of Infertility In Females Include: Ovulation problems (e.g. polycystic ovarian syndrome) Tubal blockage Pelvic inflammatory disease Age-related factors Uterine problems Previous tubal ligation Endometriosis Advanced maternal age Specific Male Causes The main cause of male infertility is low semen quality. Another possible cause is a low sperm count. Infertility associated with viable, but immmotile sperm may be caused by Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Other causes are, varicocele, scarring due to STDs ( gonorrhoea and Chlamydia), antisperm antibodies. A Great Change In Infertility Approach Investigations Husband Physical examination, both systemic and local Semen analysis including both morphological and functional tests Screening for infections including syphilis, HBV, HCV and HIV If needed, appropriate endocrinological investigations and therapy. Wife Physical examination, both systemic and local Detection and timing of ovulation by basal body temperature (BBT), cervical mucus studies, ultrasonography, premenstrual endometrial biopsy and serum progesterone estimation in the mid-luteal phase. Assessment of tubal patency by appropriate investigations including hysterosalpingography, sonosalpingography, or laparoscopy Screening for local factors including cervical mucus-related problems and lower genital tract infections Assessment of uterine cavity by hysteroscopy. Screening for reproductive tract infections including syphilis, chlamydia, tuberculosis, HBV, HCV and HIV If needed, appropriate endocrinological investigations and therapy. Laparoscopy Ultrasonography Hysterosalpingography Based on the results of these investigations, couples should be selected for treatment at different levels of infertility care units. Management Management of infertility includes both the physical and emotional care of couple. Types of fertility treatment available include: Medical treatment for lack of regular ovulation Surgical procedures, such as treatment for endometriosis, PCO drilling Assisted conception, which may be intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) Psychological support ICSI Medical treatment of infertility generally involves the use of fertility medication, medical device, surgery, or a combination of the following. If the sperm are of good quality and the mechanics of the woman's reproductive structures are good (patent fallopian tubes, no adhesions or scarring), physicians may start by prescribing a course of ovarian stimulating medication. The physician may also suggest intrauterine insemination (IUI), in which the doctor introduces sperm into the uterus during ovulation, via a catheter. In these methods, fertilization occurs inside the body. If conservative medical treatments fail to achieve a full term pregnancy, the physician may suggest the patient to undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF). IVF and related techniques (ICSI, ZIFT, GIFT) are called assisted reproductive technology (ART) techniques. In Vitro Fertilization In Vitro Fertilization ART techniques generally start with stimulating the ovaries to increase egg production. After stimulation, the physician surgically extracts one or more eggs from the ovary, and unites them with sperm in a laboratory setting, with the intent of producing one or more embryos. Fertilization takes place outside the body, and the fertilized egg is reinserted into the woman's reproductive tract, in a procedure called embryo transfer. Some types of infertility treatment can cause complications including: Side effects of medication Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy Multiple pregnancy Stress  To know more about Infertility Treatment for Men and Women in Mumbai India, contact us at Fertility First Parakh Hospital Khokhani Lane, Opp. Ghatkopar Rly. Stn., Ghatkopar (E), Mumbai - 400 077 Phone: 022 - 2515 7000, 01, 02, 03 Fax: 022 - 2515 7000 Emergency: 9821125519 / 9821237708 Email: info@fertilityfirst.in